Q1. Which cells secrete hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
Answer Explanation:
Parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid.
Q2. Which enzyme begins protein digestion in the stomach?
Answer Explanation:
Pepsin initiates protein digestion.
Q3. Inactive precursor of pepsin is
Answer Explanation:
Chief cells secrete pepsinogen.
Q4. HCl secretion is stimulated by
Answer Explanation:
Gastrin stimulates acid secretion.
Q5. Parasympathetic stimulation of stomach occurs via
Answer Explanation:
Vagus nerve increases gastric secretion.
Q6. Largest salivary gland is
Answer Explanation:
Parotid is largest.
Q7. Salivary amylase digests
Answer Explanation:
It begins carbohydrate digestion.
Q8. Bile is produced by
Answer Explanation:
Liver synthesizes bile.
Q9. Bile is stored in
Answer Explanation:
Gallbladder stores bile.
Q10. Bile helps in digestion of
Answer Explanation:
Bile emulsifies fats.
Q11. Longest part of small intestine
Answer Explanation:
Ileum is longest.
Q12. Most nutrient absorption occurs in
Answer Explanation:
Major absorption occurs in upper small intestine.
Q13. Vitamin B12 is absorbed in
Answer Explanation:
Terminal ileum absorbs B12.
Q14. Largest digestive gland
Answer Explanation:
Liver is largest gland.
Q15. Exocrine pancreas secretes
Answer Explanation:
Acinar cells secrete enzymes.
Q16. Pancreatic enzyme for fats
Answer Explanation:
Lipase digests triglycerides.
Q17. Pancreatic enzyme for proteins
Answer Explanation:
Trypsin digests proteins.
Q18. Pancreatic amylase digests
Answer Explanation:
It breaks starch into sugars.
Q19. Movement mixing food in stomach
Answer Explanation:
Churning mixes gastric contents.
Q20. Wave-like movement of GIT
Answer Explanation:
Peristalsis propels food.
Q21. Segmentation mainly occurs in
Answer Explanation:
Segmentation mixes chyme.
Q22. Functional unit of liver
Answer Explanation:
Liver is composed of lobules.
Q23. Main carbohydrate absorbed as
Answer Explanation:
Glucose is the major absorbed monosaccharide.
Q24. Protein end products absorbed
Answer Explanation:
Proteins are absorbed mainly as amino acids.
Q25. Fat digestion products
Answer Explanation:
Lipase forms fatty acids and monoglycerides.
Q26. Disorder due to excess acid
Answer Explanation:
Excess acid contributes to ulcers.
Q27. Yellow discoloration due to bilirubin
Answer Explanation:
Jaundice results from bilirubin accumulation.
Q28. GERD primarily affects
Answer Explanation:
Acid reflux damages esophagus.
Q29. Constipation is characterized by
Answer Explanation:
Constipation causes difficult bowel movement.
Q30. Diarrhea causes
Answer Explanation:
Excessive fluid loss occurs.
Q31. Energy currency of cell
Answer Explanation:
ATP stores usable energy.
Q32. ATP stands for
Answer Explanation:
ATP is adenosine triphosphate.
Q33. Immediate energy reserve in muscle
Answer Explanation:
Creatine phosphate rapidly regenerates ATP.
Q34. Creatine phosphate primarily regenerates
Answer Explanation:
It donates phosphate to ADP.
Q35. BMR means
Answer Explanation:
BMR is energy used at rest.
Q36. BMR is measured under
Answer Explanation:
Standard resting conditions are used.
Q37. Chief cells secrete
Answer Explanation:
Chief cells release pepsinogen.
Q38. Intrinsic factor is secreted by
Answer Explanation:
Parietal cells secrete intrinsic factor.
Q39. First part of small intestine
Answer Explanation:
Duodenum is first.
Q40. Large intestine mainly absorbs
Answer Explanation:
Colon absorbs water.
Q41. Appendix is attached to
Answer Explanation:
Appendix arises from cecum.
Q42. Liver stores
Answer Explanation:
Liver stores glycogen.
Q43. Hormone reducing gastric acid
Answer Explanation:
Secretin inhibits gastric acid.
Q44. Histamine acts on
Answer Explanation:
H2 receptors stimulate acid secretion.
Q45. G cells are located mainly in
Answer Explanation:
Antral G cells produce gastrin.
Q46. Brush border enzymes are found in
Answer Explanation:
They complete digestion.
Q47. Normal adult BMR depends on
Answer Explanation:
Several physiological factors affect BMR.
Q48. ATP is produced mainly in
Answer Explanation:
Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in mitochondria.
Q49. Pepsin works best at pH
Answer Explanation:
Pepsin requires acidic pH.
Q50. Primary function of stomach is
Answer Explanation:
Stomach begins protein digestion.