Q1. Hormones are chemical
Answer Explanation:
Hormones act as chemical messengers.
Q2. Hormones are secreted by
Answer Explanation:
Endocrine glands release hormones into blood.
Q3. Steroid hormones act mainly through
Answer Explanation:
Steroids bind intracellular receptors.
Q4. Peptide hormones usually bind
Answer Explanation:
They cannot cross cell membrane.
Q5. Master endocrine gland
Answer Explanation:
Pituitary regulates many glands.
Q6. Pituitary lies in
Answer Explanation:
It occupies the sella turcica.
Q7. Anterior pituitary secretes
Answer Explanation:
GH is from anterior pituitary.
Q8. Posterior pituitary releases
Answer Explanation:
ADH is stored and released here.
Q9. Hormone promoting body growth
Answer Explanation:
GH stimulates growth.
Q10. Hormone stimulating thyroid
Answer Explanation:
TSH stimulates thyroid.
Q11. Prolactin mainly promotes
Answer Explanation:
Prolactin stimulates lactation.
Q12. Oxytocin causes
Answer Explanation:
Oxytocin causes uterine contraction and milk let-down.
Q13. Largest endocrine gland
Answer Explanation:
Thyroid is the largest endocrine gland.
Q14. Main thyroid hormones
Answer Explanation:
T3 and T4 regulate metabolism.
Q15. Iodine is essential for
Answer Explanation:
Thyroid hormones require iodine.
Q16. Calcitonin lowers
Answer Explanation:
Calcitonin decreases serum calcium.
Q17. Parathyroid hormone increases
Answer Explanation:
PTH raises calcium level.
Q18. Number of parathyroid glands usually
Answer Explanation:
Usually four glands.
Q19. Adrenal cortex secretes
Answer Explanation:
Cortisol is from cortex.
Q20. Adrenal medulla secretes
Answer Explanation:
Medulla releases catecholamines.
Q21. Stress hormone
Answer Explanation:
Cortisol is major stress hormone.
Q22. Mineralocorticoid is
Answer Explanation:
Aldosterone regulates sodium.
Q23. Insulin is secreted by
Answer Explanation:
Beta cells produce insulin.
Q24. Glucagon is secreted by
Answer Explanation:
Alpha cells produce glucagon.
Q25. Insulin decreases
Answer Explanation:
Insulin lowers glucose.
Q26. Glucagon increases
Answer Explanation:
Glucagon raises blood glucose.
Q27. Pineal gland secretes
Answer Explanation:
Melatonin regulates circadian rhythm.
Q28. Thymus secretes
Answer Explanation:
Thymosin aids T-cell maturation.
Q29. Hormone action through cAMP is typical of
Answer Explanation:
Many peptide hormones use second messengers.
Q30. Second messenger commonly is
Answer Explanation:
cAMP mediates many hormone effects.
Q31. Diabetes mellitus results from deficiency of
Answer Explanation:
Insulin deficiency causes diabetes.
Q32. Hyperthyroidism causes
Answer Explanation:
Excess thyroid hormone increases metabolism.
Q33. Hypothyroidism causes
Answer Explanation:
Metabolism decreases.
Q34. Goiter is enlargement of
Answer Explanation:
Goiter is enlarged thyroid.
Q35. Cushing syndrome involves excess
Answer Explanation:
Usually due to hypercortisolism.
Q36. Addison disease involves deficiency of
Answer Explanation:
Primary adrenal insufficiency.
Q37. Excess GH in adults causes
Answer Explanation:
Acromegaly occurs after epiphyseal closure.
Q38. GH deficiency in childhood causes
Answer Explanation:
Growth hormone deficiency causes pituitary dwarfism.
Q39. Hormone regulating circadian rhythm
Answer Explanation:
Melatonin controls sleep cycle.
Q40. Endocrine pancreas located in
Answer Explanation:
Hormones are produced in islets.
Q41. ACTH stimulates
Answer Explanation:
ACTH targets adrenal cortex.
Q42. FSH acts on
Answer Explanation:
FSH stimulates gamete production.
Q43. LH in females triggers
Answer Explanation:
LH surge induces ovulation.
Q44. Negative feedback maintains
Answer Explanation:
Most endocrine control is by feedback.
Q45. Thyroxine mainly regulates
Answer Explanation:
It increases metabolic rate.
Q46. Parathyroid glands are located
Answer Explanation:
They lie on posterior thyroid.
Q47. Catecholamines include
Answer Explanation:
Medulla secretes catecholamines.
Q48. Hormone deficiency causing tetany
Answer Explanation:
Low PTH causes hypocalcemic tetany.
Q49. Most endocrine glands are
Answer Explanation:
Endocrine glands lack ducts.
Q50. Primary function of endocrine system
Answer Explanation:
It coordinates body functions via hormones.